In Spain the shadow is a cultural phenomenon

Madrid, Museum Thyssen-Bornemisza. (34).913.690.151. , on 17 May.

The Thyssen-Bornemisza museum dedicated an exhibition to an unpublished issue: shadow in painting. Exceptional.

In Spain, the shadow is a cultural phenomenon. In the arenas, "sombra" is accessible only to the wealthy segments of the population, those who are willing to pay more for watching bullfights without be hounded by the Sun. In French, in everyday conversation, talking commonly "shadow on the table", that which noircirait mischaracterization optimistic vision of the subject. From the common premises, the Thyssen-Bornemisza museum exposes until 17 may other shadows. They are the central subject of the compositions and reveal the message intended by the painter. It is ultimately another way to look at the works (1).

The exercise is fascinating and the excellent introduction. The first room shows a Greek legend that the daughter of a Potter named Diboutades would have invented the drawing by drawing the outline of the shadow of her lover. The shadow would be all the more important in the art world that she would be at the origin of the transcript of the reality. In the 18th century, many painters, as in England Joseph Wright of Derby or France Joseph-Benoît Suvée, highlight image the ancient story.

Use voluntary and articulated shadow arrives in the history of art with the painting of the Renaissance. It is associated with the perspective, in an effort to give the illusion of three dimensions. Already, to 1433, when the Flemish painter Jan Van Eyck is a diptych of the Annunciation as two paintings that show in Sham of the sculptures in a niche, he worked with exceptional skill the reflections of the figures on the black background. It is the share of shadow that makes real the two characters.

Mystery and drama

Rembrandt is one of the absolute masters of light and therefore the shadow. Its small canvas "The Main" hot, 1628, shows a scene of guessing game, where the characters look at all to the large ominous shadow over the left side of the canvas. For the French, the absolute master of work on the shadow and the mystery, this is Georges de La Tour. The "Education of the Virgin" the canvas was carried out in collaboration with the Studio of the painter uses the light of the candle as a spot on a plateau of cinema, to highlight the message. Of the mother and young daughter, it retains the illuminated faces and the book that they watch, placed at the centre of the composition. Everything else is in the dark.

The shadow is also an excellent instrument of expression of the drama in a romantic spirit. This aspect there could be only the subject of an exhibition to him. But he is not represented at the Thyssen-Bornemisza Museum. Should cross the avenue to get to the Prado and observe including the famous painting "tres de mayo", spectacular scene of execution by Goya. It will just "Court of fools", the same Goya, a small painting showing a nightmare scene of men fighting in the darkness.

Impressionism

The end of the 19th leaves hatch movements with the sensations. There are Impressionism to a Pissarro, who invaded the dirt road of stripes which are shadow by trees. Desire: to share its almost physical perception of the landscape. All tinted mystical movements use at the turn of the century the shadow as the first of their expression. There is also the symbolism bathed in mysteries, invaded by the shadows in the Belgian Spilliaert. Nabi Félix Vallotton, gives a place oversized in the shadow of his naked woman on a yellow background. The shadow is a death threat. A "vanity" hidden in the table.