The geography of the boat trip is specialThe decline in the price of raw materials rubber oilAt the same time they secure their gainsThe age of the mobile Internet has arrivedMoreover since early 2009 the market decline And then seventeen years I work in the citySince 2000 they tend to drop to alarm Guy RibaThe dollar system gives US a huge advantageMoreover their number reduced as shrinkingOn 270 luxury in the world 130 brands are FrenchThe world prepares to celebrate the 20th anniversary of the fall of the Berlin wall, which has put an end to the cold war this year. But twenty years later, still exist in the world some 26,000 nuclear weapons, of which approximately 95 are held by the enemies of yesterday, the Russia and the United States. Of course, this arsenal has been reduced. But new tensions between Moscow and Washington have rendered impossible the pursuit of genuine negotiations on disarmament, as Ronald Reagan and Mikhail Gorbachev began to see it.
Today, Barack Obama and Dimitri Medvedev, which must meet in early April in head to head on the sidelines of the G20 in London, nevertheless pledged to repeat them. At the centre of the building, the two powers must renegotiate a successor to one of the major bilateral agreements which allowed to eliminate the two thirds of strategic weapons: the Treaty of reduction of strategic weapons (Start for Strategic Arms Reduction Treaty). This agreement signed in 1991, three weeks before the Moscow putsch promises at the end of the USSR, sometimes due December 5. In addition, two treaties (Start 2 and Start 3), which were to be continued, remained dead letter.
Of course, a treaty to reduce strategic nuclear arsenals (fate-Strategic offensive reduction treaty) was concluded in 2002. He plans to limit, by 2012, the number of strategic nuclear weapons ready to use in a range of 1,700 to 2,200 for each country, but without taking into account the weapons in reserve or awaiting dismantling or to fix a process tight audit.
The project to expand Poland, and Czech Republic the US anti-missile shield nuclear, has created tensions with Moscow. This extension of the defensive system was decided by President Bush after having denounced "unilateral" another monument of the relaxation of East-West, the ABM Treaty of 1972 on the limitation of anti-ballistic missile.
According to Washington, this shield is designed to ensure protection against a country such as the Iran, if one day it is staffed of nuclear weapons and the vector capable of winning. But Moscow sees behind the successive enlargements of NATO to the East an attempt from encirclement by the United States, considers that this shield is turned against the Russia. Suddenly, after having renounced the Treaty on conventional arms in Europe (CFE) signed in 1990 and become obsolete, the Russia has threatened to deploy missiles in the Kaliningrad enclave. Of course, nuclear weapons in military doctrines, occupy more American and Russian, the place they had at the time of the cold war, where in binary mode, they ensured a balance between the two blocs. In addition, today's conflicts are conventional forces. However, the resumption of negotiations on the Start is at the heart of a new balance between the Russia and the United States. Even if, in all likelihood, the two powers must play extensions after the month of December. Because, in addition to the complexity of the security architecture, two "very different political cultures" faceoff, as pointed out at a symposium of the FRS (Foundation for strategic research) Professor Jean-Christophe Romer from the University of Strasbourg. The Russians, according to him, have a vision "very notarial: they really want a treaty". For their part, the Americans seek to escape all constraints that they have set themselves.
This means that the two powers will have to find the art of the bilateral negotiation after eight years of "flat brain" in the matter during the Bush.
To complicate matters at all, beyond the objectives for the number of maximum nuclear warheads for each country (1.000, 1.500), the United States and the Russia are not the only nuclear powers in the world. If Britain and the France strongly limited their nuclear weapons, China, fifth nuclear power officially recognized, on the contrary tends to increase. In addition, the India, Pakistan and Israel, three countries which remained outside the non-proliferation Treaty (NPT), are are hoisted to the rank of nuclear power, and the Korea of the North. The Iran, if Tehran to develop nuclear weapons, represents another risk: that of the proliferation in the Middle East first, but in Asia.
Limiting the possibility to reduce drastically their nuclear weapons and to achieve the objective of the "zero option" (free of nuclear weapons), as now proposed by the former Secretary of State Henry Kissinger. Unless a global change in the balance of forces in the world.
