THE FUTUREAN EXCEPTIONby Hakim El KarouiEd

THE FUTURE

AN EXCEPTION

by Hakim El Karoui

Ed. Flammarion, 326 pages,

18 euros.

THE CRISIS OF THE MODEL

SOCIAL WEST

by Bernard Berteloot

JAS Editions, 283 pages,

25 euros.

The tree cache forest. Focusing on the debate between presidential candidates prevents from seeing that the current context is a real breeding ground for creativity. Seeking to escape the hoary debate between postmarxistes and Liberals, a number of intellectuals do not hesitate to open new paths, even if the risk of treatment of utopian. We consider two examples: Hakim El Karoui how dream French passion for equality to the basis of egalitarian globalization, the suggestion of Bernard Berteloot to substitute a right for the heritage to a policy of redistribution of income.

Former "Feather" of Jean-Pierre Raffarin, then lecturer at Bercy, Hakim El Karoui is based on an iconoclastic assertion: "free trade and inequality, it no longer works.". He is terrified by the magnitude of the gap between a French population continues to be committed to equality and a political and economic elite who fully supported the principle of "protective inequality." In arguing for free trade and competition, attempting to convince people that the existence of inequalities is the jurisdiction of a collective progress which all will be ultimately beneficial. The misfortune is that it spends more to all those who suffer concrete and daily frustrations caused by inequality.

Egalitarian globalization

Free trade is beneficial, it be that pre-exist a minimum force equality between protagonists. Practice the opening of the borders without a protecting power might be suicidal. It is here that the author considers necessary a European economic sovereignty in a position to regulate trade with the other blocks of the world. To protect the generators of inequality déséquilibes, Europe needs borders which are not barriers, but of the kinds of locks to manage differences. Hence the second iconoclastic statement: without a minimum of well targeted protectionism, the Europeans will continue to be trained in the inegalitarian spiral.

Persuaded that the France "who is in his heart anthropological value of equality", as shown in its ability to absorb massive flows of immigrants, Hakim El Karoui think it would be the nation most suited to promote egalitarian globalization, which would certainly encounter countless opponents, but would represent a truly inspiring project. Even though he realizes that "this might seem utopian or ridiculous, the third globalization might finally be egalitarian and French".

"Right to heritage".

Similarly convinced that equality is at the centre of the difficulties of the modern world, the financial analyst that is Bernard Barteloot encouraged to take note of the failure of the income redistribution policies conducted by Western nations. But why not explore this other way that would be the establishment of a "right to heritage" It would thus join the ancient practice of "batching" granted to each family a lot of the collective heritage that it then restored to the community. In modern terms, this would lead to attribute to each adult at the age of twenty-eight years for example, a capital, e.g. of the order of 50,000 euros, that he would later reimburse over the inheritance that he would receive. It would thus restore equality between individuals without that they are handicapped by the inequality of resources of their families of origin. This redistribution of heritage would be given every opportunity to carry out an independent economic activity.

No doubt, important is not to question the degree of realism of the utopias mentioned here. Their merit is to provide a breath of fresh air which is out of the sterile quarrels between policies. Echoing the very specific popular responses to inequalities, they show that it should be possible to imagine projects political that are growing more than promises.