9 of GDP end 2007 and can afford some deficitsEconomic theory save perhaps lives on the roadthat must be appreciated the normal character of the deed of issue managementThere is not enough evidence to innovationHence the need of an international cooperation systemAnd the life sciences are clearly among the key areasTherefore in this area be wary of the policiesRussia Rosatom has vocation to act aloneThe distribution of EU funds has proven a strong argumentThe European index DJStoxx 600 thus rose by 3Japanese electronics and automotive have cut their costs, no project of lithium-ion battery is called into question. "Do we not question the timing of the electric car mass production is scheduled to begin in 2012", assured recently Carlos Ghosn, Nissan President, though he announced the removal of 20,000 jobs.
Nissan does not go alone. Automotive Energy Supply, its joint venture with NEC, will start production in the spring with an initial capacity of 13,000 batteries per year and 65,000 in 2011, with an investment of 132 million (EUR 105 million). The objective is to produce probably also non-Japan, in the United States and Europe. The image of AESC, they are not less than 8 industrial projects which should see the day by 2010. Panasonic and Toyota are allied, as GS Yuasa with Honda or, since late 2007 with Mitsubishi. Volkswagen has established an agreement with Sanyo Electric, while setting up another partnership with Toshiba. Hitachi is on behalf of General Motors, Daimler, via Continental AG, threw his vest on Enax. Since that in 2008 the fourth global OEM took 16 of its capital, the small company of Tokyo, founded by the former head of Sony lithium-ion batteries, fully employed.
In addition to potential growth relay, the all-electric car also provides a response to the depletion of oil resources and the constraints of the Kyoto Protocol. But at the same time, many questions it raises.
The cost barrier
Compared to the previous generation, the nickel cadmium, lithium-ion battery provides comfort and flexibility of action equivalent to the heat engine. It is also more "green" that power hybrid, less technically complex than the fuel cell. But its cost is for the moment, exorbitant. Mitsubishi Motors launches the all-electric version of its compact i - Car this summer. Autonomy announced of the MiEV, 160 km to a top speed of 130 km/h, makes it rather attractive vehicle. Except for its price, about 4 times that of the classical model. "Who will agree to buy 4 million yen more than 33,000 euros, Editor's note small car", questions Atsushi Yamamoto, new energy to the Department responsible for Japanese industry and the electric car is one of the priorities.
However, studies show that consumers would be willing to pay double the price of a thermal vehicle, taking into account the savings on fuel. In addition, if the aid granted for the hybrid are extended to the all-electric, buyers can count on the support of 50 of the difference. A few prefectures are already ready to take their 25 additional charge. "The price is currently the number one barrier, because, whatever the project, it will condition the mass production," says an expert. No project is economically viable without a pooling of investment costs and boost of the State. "At the start of production, must be include a cost of EUR 500 per kilowatt," adds a specialist.
And what about autonomy For 120 kilometres insured, the weight of the battery is 250 kilograms. He would to 400, the equivalent of 6 to 7 passengers, to travel 200 km. There is also the question of the support infrastructure. Funding, for example, the cost of a limited power to charge the battery in less than an hour Not to mention of course electricity to strengthen. Finally, if at this stage the lifetime of a battery, and especially its recycling remain questions outstanding, the delicate subject of security is much more current. Lithium-ion batteries have abnormally heated to the point of igniting laptops. A problem which has been very costly to Sony.
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